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Lung Cancer Treatment

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Welcome to our comprehensive guide on lung cancer. We understand that navigating a lung cancer diagnosis can be overwhelming, which is why we are dedicated to providing the best lung cancer treatment options available. As a leading facility specializing in oncology, we offer cutting-edge therapies and compassionate support tailored to each individual's unique needs. Whether you're seeking lung cancer treatment in Mumbai or exploring the most effective approaches worldwide, our multidisciplinary team is committed to delivering optimal outcomes and enhancing quality of life. Discover the difference in care and explore the possibilities for the best lung cancer treatment as we strive to be at the forefront of lung cancer treatment in Mumbai, offering hope and healing to those facing this diagnosis, right here at our center.

Our lungs resemble a sponge, with the right lung divided into 3 lobes and the left into 2 due to the heart's positioning. Air travels through the trachea to smaller bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli, where oxygen is absorbed and carbon dioxide expelled. Lung cancers often originate in bronchial cells or alveoli lining.

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Lung Cancer is usually of two main types

1 - Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

About 80% to 85% of lung cancers are non-small cell lung cancers. The main subtypes of NSCLC are adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. These are grouped together as NSCLC as the treatment for lung cancers of this type and their prognoses are similar.

Adenocarcinomas start in the cells that normally secrete substances such as mucus. Smoking is the main cause of this type of lung cancer, but it is also the most common type of lung cancer seen in people who don't smoke. It is prevalent in women and tends to affect younger people. Adenocarcinoma is usually found in the outer parts of the lung and can more likely be found before it spreads.

Squamous cells are flat cells that line the inside of the airways in the lungs and are found in the central part of the lungs, near the main airway (bronchus).

Large cell carcinoma can appear anywhere in the lung. It grows and spreads rather quickly, making it harder to treat. A subtype of large cell carcinoma, known as large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC), is a fast-growing cancer that is very similar to small cell lung cancer.

A few other subtypes of NSCLC, such as adenosquamous carcinoma and sarcomatous carcinoma, are less common than the others.

2 - Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)

About 10% to 15% of all lung cancers are SCLC, this type of lung cancer grows and spreads faster than NSCLC. In most people the cancer will have already spread beyond the lungs by the time it is usually diagnosed. This cancer responds well to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Unfortunately, for most people the cancer will most likely return at some point; but the survival rate of lung cancer is generally high.

Some other tumors can occur in the lungs are

Carcinoid tumors of the lung account for fewer than 5% of lung tumors; these grow slowly.

Other types of lung cancer such as adenoid cystic carcinomas, lymphomas, and sarcomas, as well as benign lung tumors such as hamartomas are rare.

Cancers from other organs (such as the breast, pancreas, kidney, or skin) can sometimes spread (metastasize) to the lungs, but these cannot be classified as lung cancers. Treatment for metastatic cancer to the lungs is based on the primary cancer site.

Causes and Risk Factors of Lung Cancer

  • Tobacco Smoke
  • Secondhand Smoke
  • Exposure to radon
  • Exposure to asbestos
  • Exposure to Radioactive ores such as uranium
  • Inhaled chemicals such as arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, silica, vinyl chloride, nickel compounds, chromium compounds, coal products, mustard gas, and chloromethyl ethers
  • Diesel exhaust
  • Arsenic in drinking water

Non-modifiable risk factors

  • Previous radiation therapy to the lungs
  • Air pollution
  • Personal or family history of lung cancer

Symptoms and Signs of Lung Cancer

The most common symptoms of lung cancer are

  • A cough that does not go away or gets worse
  • Coughing up blood or reddish brown-colored sputum (spit or phlegm)
  • Chest pain that worsens with deep breathing, coughing, or laughing
  • Hoarseness
  • Loss of appetite
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Shortness of breath
  • Feeling tired or weak
  • Infections such as bronchitis and pneumonia that keep coming back
  • New onset of wheezing

If lung cancer spreads to other parts of the body, it may also cause

  • Bone pain (like pain in the back or hips)
  • Nervous system changes (such as headache, weakness or numbness of an arm or leg, dizziness, balance problems, or seizures), from cancer spread to the brain
  • Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice), from cancer spread to the liver
  • Swelling of lymph nodes (collection of immune system cells) such as those in the neck or above the collarbone

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Frequently Asked Questions

Treatment options depend on a variety of factors and there is no one size fits all approach to choose the best lung cancer treatment. Factor’s like the patient’s overall health; stage and severity of cancer play an important role to decide the best lung cancer treatment for a patient.

Persistent cough, chest pain, unexplained weight loss, frequent respiratory infections and difficulty in breathing are common early symptoms.

Diagnostic methods include imaging tests, biopsies, and, in some cases, molecular testing for genetic markers.

Lung cancer treatment in Mumbai has seen significant progress in recent years. Whether exploring conventional methods or considering the latest advancements, the key is to tailor the treatment approach to individual needs. Lung cancer treatment in Mumbai is continually evolving; cutting-edge therapies and innovative approaches are being employed to enhance patient outcomes.

While not completely preventable, lifestyle changes like quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy diet, and avoiding environmental hazards can reduce the risk. Although impossible by current environmental conditions; clean air contributes to healthier lungs and overall health.

Smoking is a significant risk factor, but non-smokers can also develop lung cancer due to other factors.

While most cases of lung cancer are related to smoking and environmental factors, there is a certain genetic component involved. A family history of lung cancer may increase the risk, but it's not entirely determined by genetics.

CT scans are recommended for certain high-risk individuals, such as current or former smokers, as a screening tool to detect lung cancer at an earlier, more treatable stage.

Yes, while smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, non-smokers can also develop the disease. Exposure to secondhand smoke, environmental pollutants, and genetic factors can contribute to lung cancer in non-smokers.

Lung cancer stages range from I to IV, indicating the extent of tumor spread and guiding treatment decisions.

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